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Home>Learning & Teaching>Copyright
Copyright Information
Fair Use Guidelines for Educational Multimedia
Guidelines to help educators apply fair use principles to educational multimedia projects.
Copyright Law
The Copyright Act of 1976 became effective in 1978 as Public Law 94-553. It provides that copyright owners have the exclusive right to reproduce, prepare derivative works, distribute, perform, display, transfer ownership, rent or lend their creations. It also provides that educators may use portions of copyrighted material if they follow these four principles:
Purpose of Use: The purpose and character of the use is educational in nature.Status of Original Material: The copyrighted work has been previously published since the creator of a work intends for it to be viewed by the public.
Amount of Material: A portion of the work may be used, but not a substantial portion. Substantial constitutes a large amount and/or a central or critical part of the original work.
Marketability: The marketability of the copyrighted work will not be impaired.
Copyright Guidelines
The Fair Use Guidelines for Educational Multimedia of 1997 were drafted by a diverse group of interested parties. The agreed upon interpretation of the fair use provisions of the Copyright Act are currently endorsed by twenty-three associations including the U.S. Copyright Office and the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office. They are not legally binding; however, they do define the educational audience and provide the following guidelines:
Definition: Educational multimedia, as it relates to these guidelines, incorporate students' or educators' original material, such as course notes or commentary, together with various copyrighted media formats including but not limited to motion media, music, text material, graphics, illustrations, photographs and digital software which are combined into an integrated presentation.Giving Credit: Educators and students are reminded to credit the sources and display the copyright ownership information if this is shown on the original source.
Appropriateness of Use: Educators may use their own educational multimedia projects, created for curriculum-based instruction in face-to-face instruction, student-directed self-study, remote instruction, peer conferences, and for their own professional portfolio. Students may perform and display their own multimedia projects in the courses for which they were created and may use them in their own portfolios as examples of their academic work.
Time Frame: Educators may use their multimedia projects for up to two years after the first use in their class.
Amount of Material: This refers to the amount of a copyrighted work that can be used in educational multimedia projects: motion media (up to 10% or 3 minutes); text material (up to 10% or 1,000 words); music (up to 10% but no more than 30 seconds); illustrations/photographs (no more than five images produced in their entirety); numerical data sets (up to 10% or 2,500 fields or cell entries, whichever is less).
Distribution: There may be no more than two use copies made of the educational multimedia project. One may be placed on reserve for remote instruction; a second can be made for back-up.
Links
Regarding Copyright Law:
Copyright Law
Copyright Law Basics
- Copyright Law, Libraries, and Universities: Overview Recent Developments, and Future Issues
- ILT (Institute for Learning Technologies) Guide to Copyright
Copyright Permission/Registration
- Copyright Clearance Center, Academic Permissions Service
- U.S. Copyright Office: CORDS Page
- Circular 22 - How to Investigate the Copyright Status of a Work
Development of the Multimedia Fair Use Guidelines
Educational Fair Use
- Copyright and Fair Use
- Fair Use of Copyrighted Materials
- Fair Use of Copyright Works: contains the 1976 Copyright Act. Print this to have a copy of Section 107 of the Copyright Act of 1976. At the main menu, select "Fair Use: Overview Meaning for Higher Education."
Intellectual Property
- Intellectual Property in the Information Age
- Public Domain Materials
- Revising the Copyright Law for Electronic Publishing
Multimedia Guidelines Web Sites
- Penn State Libraries Audio Visual Services
- Fair Use Guidelines for Educational Multimedia and Related Documents and Links
Multimedia Production
[Source: NCESD Media Web Page]